Earth Day, celebrating more than 50 years of global environmental awareness
By Johani Carolina Ponce / Huella Zero
Every April 22, the world comes together in a celebration that transcends borders and cultures: Earth Day. What began as a modest national initiative in the United States, proposed by Senator Gaylord Nelson in September 1969, has evolved into a global movement that passionately advocates for the preservation of the environment and the promotion of sustainability.
Awakening of environmental awareness
The turning point that triggered this commemoration dates back to a crucial moment in history, the year 1969, when American public opinion was shaken by shocking environmental incidents. In January of that year, a disastrous oil spill on a platform off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, deeply shocked the nation, followed later by the alarming Cuyahoga River Fire in Cleveland during the summer. These events, widely reported by the media, raised a collective consciousness about the urgent need to protect our environment.
A day for action
The culmination of this growing concern took place on April 22, 1970, when 20 million people joined together in a historic demonstration in support of environmental causes, taking to the streets and parks in an unprecedented gesture of solidarity.
This momentous act not only marked the beginning of the modern environmental movement, but also influenced significant political changes. Under the Richard Nixon administration, the United States Congress created the Environmental Protection Agency and enacted the Clean Air Act in 1970, establishing a crucial legal framework for environmental protection in the country.
Evolution and global reach
Over the years, Earth Day has gained greater relevance and reach on a global level. In 1990, its 20th anniversary inspired renewed interest and greater participation in environmental activities, while Senator Nelson, recognized as the architect of this celebration, was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1995 for his tireless work on behalf of the environment.
Commitment to the future
The commitment to environmental protection has led to more ambitious actions in subsequent years. In 2007, activists rallied at the US Capitol to demand drastic cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, with the goal of reducing them by 80% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels.
Earth Day has also seen international milestones in the fight against climate change. In March 2016, the United States and China issued a joint statement on climate change, culminating in the signing of the Paris Agreement on the following Earth Day, a historic pact that represents a global commitment to address climate change and transition towards a low carbon economy.
Platform for expression
In more recent years, Earth Day has served as a platform for expressing concerns about environmental and energy policies. In 2017, the first “March for Science” took place, a nonpartisan demonstration that brought together scientists and their supporters on the National Mall in Washington, D.C.
Earth Day not only celebrates the birth of the modern environmental movement, but also serves as a reminder of our collective responsibility to protect and preserve our only known home, planet Earth.
