Atrial Fibrillation: A Patient’s Journey
Written by: Marcos Otero, Retired Physician Associate
Our Patient
Patient: Juan Carlos Martínez
Location: Buenos Aires, Argentina 🇦🇷
Diagnosis: Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)
Background
Juan Carlos, a 58-year-old accountant from Buenos Aires, has a sedentary lifestyle, compounded by stress and a diet rich in processed foods. He enjoys traditional Argentine asados (barbecues) but has struggled to maintain a healthy weight. With a family history of heart disease, he was aware of the risks but delayed seeking care until symptoms became disruptive.
Presentation of Symptoms
Juan Carlos first noticed episodes of a rapid, irregular heartbeat during stressful periods at work. He experienced occasional dizziness, mild chest discomfort, and fatigue. Initially, he dismissed these as stress-related, but when the episodes became more frequent, his wife insisted he see a doctor.
Key Symptoms
- Palpitations (irregular, rapid heartbeat)
- Dizziness
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Mild chest discomfort
Diagnosis & Treatment
An electrocardiogram (ECG) confirmed atrial fibrillation. Further tests, including a Holter monitor and echocardiogram, ruled out structural abnormalities but revealed an elevated risk for stroke.
Treatment Plan
- Medications: Juan Carlos was prescribed anticoagulants (to reduce stroke risk) and beta-blockers (to control heart rate).
- Lifestyle Changes: His doctor recommended a Mediterranean diet, regular exercise, and stress management techniques.
- Monitoring: Regular follow-ups to adjust medication and monitor heart rhythm.
Complications
Initially, Juan Carlos struggled with the side effects of anticoagulants, including occasional nosebleeds. He also found it challenging to adopt a healthier lifestyle, as it conflicted with his cultural diet and work schedule.
Cultural and Family Support
His family played a crucial role in his recovery. His wife modified their meals to include more heart-healthy options, and his children encouraged him to take evening walks in the park. Friends also supported his journey by organizing less stressful social gatherings.
Life Today
- Positive Outcome: With consistent treatment and lifestyle changes, Juan Carlos has managed to keep his AFib under control. He has fewer episodes and feels more energetic.
- Negative Outcome: Without adherence to his doctor’s recommendations, Juan Carlos risks stroke or heart failure, which could significantly impact his quality of life.
